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An Architectural Garden Integrated into the Urban Fabric – Wonderwood Vertical Forest in Utrecht by Stefano Boeri Architetti

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It has been ten years since architect Stefano Boeri introduced the concept of vertical forest to the world with the construction of Bosco Verticale in Milan in 2014. Since then, the model of a green oasis in the heart of a city has not faded away. On the contrary, it has evolved and, following the social housing project Trudo Vertical Forest in Eindhoven in 2021, it has lead us to the Wonderwood Vertical Forest in Utrecht today. Designed by architects Stefano Boeri, Francesca Cesa Bianchi, and Marco Giorgio of Stefano Boeri Architetti, and constructed by G&S&, this project is a striking vertical green island for the Beurs Kwartier area, the new pedestrian zone next to the city’s central station.

Wonderwoods Vertical Forest, Utrecht, Netherlands, Stefano Boeri Architetti <br />Image copyright: @VERO Digital
Wonderwoods Vertical Forest, Utrecht, Netherlands, Stefano Boeri Architetti
Image copyright: @VERO Digital

The Wonderwood Vertical Forest is part of the broader Wonderwood project – an edifice, but actually much more than an edifice, comprising a series of offices, owned and rented apartments, a rooftop park with a restaurant, a gym, a large central bicycle storage, an underground parking lot with a shared mobility hub, an immersive digital art space called Nowhere, and other commercial functions, all distributed across two towers. One of these is the Wonderwood Vertical Forest, a green tower inspired by the Milan Bosco Verticale, approximately 105 meters high. The other, shorter tower – about 73 meters tall – is by the Amsterdam studio MVSA Architects, connected to the first by a suspended bridge.

Inside Wonderwoods, there will be 360 trees, 9,640 shrubs and bushes, and 10,000 plants, making the building equivalent to one hectare of green land, which in turn will attract around thirty animal species. Besides the obvious visual benefits of greenery, the trees and plants also function to absorb CO2 and harmful substances like particulate matter and exhaust fumes. Moreover, they have a sound-dampening effect and help regulate and mitigate human heat. As Stefano Boeri aptly explains: “Our Vertical Forest in Utrecht, one of the two buildings in the Wonderwoods project, is a fundamental stage in the research we are carrying out all over the world [...] The building we have designed for Utrecht hosts a combination of considerable vegetal biodiversity and a wide range of functions including exhibitions, commercial, tertiary, and residential uses as well as hospitality options. It will be a real building/city as well as a rich and complex ecosystem”.

Wonderwoods Vertical Forest, Utrecht, Netherlands, Stefano Boeri Architetti <br />Image copyright: @VERO Digital
Wonderwoods Vertical Forest, Utrecht, Netherlands, Stefano Boeri Architetti
Image copyright: @VERO Digital
Wonderwoods Vertical Forest, Utrecht, Netherlands, Stefano Boeri Architetti <br />Image copyright: @VERO Digital
Wonderwoods Vertical Forest, Utrecht, Netherlands, Stefano Boeri Architetti
Image copyright: @VERO Digital

Due to the large number of selected native species, the Wonderwoods Vertical Forest is to be considered an example of living architecture, with facades that change colour and configuration seasonally, depending on the sun’s inclination and the growth rate of the plants. Therefore, it is a true urban bionetwork, as well as a refuge and safeguard for the biodiversity of living species. In particular, it will be an architectural haven for birds inhabiting the Dutch skies, who will find homes in the circular holes specially created in the tower’s facades for their nests.

The over two hundred apartments within the Wonderwood Vertical Forest will feature large terraces and balconies, naturally provided with vegetation, from which a high level of natural lighting will flow, along with extensive views of the surrounding landscape. The maintenance of this complex architectural garden will be guaranteed by a centralized condominium system that, thanks to a series of sensors, will allow for control of the irrigation system and regular pruning activities. The sustainable innovation of the project is also reflected in the materials: the building has been constructed using a prefabrication technique for the facades and balconies, demonstrating that it is possible to integrate greenery into architecture using prefabricated systems that help reduce the environmental footprint.

Wonderwoods Vertical Forest, Utrecht, Netherlands, Stefano Boeri Architetti <br />Image copyright: @VERO Digital
Wonderwoods Vertical Forest, Utrecht, Netherlands, Stefano Boeri Architetti
Image copyright: @VERO Digital

All this translates into a complex, multifaceted project with a dual nature: on one hand, it is a skyscraper contributing to an unprecedented city-nature coexistence, respecting and enhancing the characteristics of the Croeselaan and Jaarbeurs Boulevard district; on the other hand, it is a building that changes as it rises, in line with the urban history of the city of Utrecht. Its aesthetics are further defined by the overlapping of four orders, which create a rotation of the building’s body along the vertical axis. This movement progressively detaches it from its alignment with Croeselaan Street, allowing it to be oriented East-West, thus creating a spatial connection with the adjacent tower designed by MVSA. All of this is aimed at creating a new type of architecture increasingly integrated with the urban fabric and accessible to all.

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