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Notes on ART

The infinite intersections between art and architecture with Carlo Berarducci, Founder of Carlo Berarducci Architecture

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What Carlo Berarducci designs is a world of high artistic and cultural references. Architecture, as Berarducci argues, is nothing but the art of building environments in which people can feel at ease, and therefore is intrinsically linked to art in a broad sense. The studio he founded and which bears his name proposes a clear and well-defined idea of doing architecture, where a specific visual baggage converges. Such methodology applies both to architecture and to the design of small objects, because art resides everywhere without distinction of shape or size. In this extensive interview we entered into the imagery of Carlo Berarducci and turned it into a vivid and tangible narrative.

San Gemini Villa, Terni, Italy, Carlo Berarducci Architecture <br /> Image copyright: @Carlo Berarducci Architecture
San Gemini Villa, Terni, Italy, Carlo Berarducci Architecture
Image copyright: @Carlo Berarducci Architecture
San Gemini Villa, Terni, Italy, Carlo Berarducci Architecture <br /> Image copyright: @Carlo Berarducci Architecture
San Gemini Villa, Terni, Italy, Carlo Berarducci Architecture
Image copyright: @Carlo Berarducci Architecture

Visual arts have always looked at the world of architecture in search of inspiration, and viceversa. What intersections between the two interest you the most?

Firstly, a premise is needed. Architecture is a visual art. As such, it relates to other visual arts, from pictorial art to cinema. Having said that, the link between art and architecture can be investigated under many different aspects. Among these, the relationship between the figures of artist and architect, the art forms within architecture and the different forms of quotation, which can be declined in art that cites architecture, rather than in architecture that cites art.

However, what I find most interesting is the correspondence of the languages of art and architecture in a specific historical moment, which mostly produce similar results or follow comparable paradigms. If we think, for example, of the revolution of the modern movement that went hand in hand with the artistic avant-gardes of the twentieth century, the subsequent crisis of Modernism has been faced in the same way in the fields of art and architecture. This latter is perhaps one of the few moments in which architecture has anticipated art. Indeed, the essential work by Robert Venturi, Complexities and Contradictions in Architecture, was published in 1966, therefore a decade before the fractures occurred in the artistic field, and yet it already contained the whole crisis of modernism.

Returning then to Modernism, we can mention Mondrian and De Stijl, who in the same years converged on the same concept. Mondrian on the two-dimensional surface of the painting, De Stijl on the three-dimensionality of architecture. I would conclude by saying that the most interesting aspect of this relationship is the demonstration of the artistic component of architecture. That is, architecture contains in itself an indispensable artistic component, which cannot simply be considered a solution of specific or associated functional problems.

Would you cite some significant examples of synergistic collaboration between artists and architects?

Among the many examples at our disposal, there is the project for the Monte Sant'Angelo station of the Naples underground by Anish Kapoor, in collaboration with the London studio Future System, in which I see a total synergy. The station is actually a sculpture of architectural dimensions, produced and developed by the duo. Then, it comes to my mind the bright ceiling on the top floor of the skyscraper of the Sofitel Hotel in Vienna designed by Jean Nouvel, who asked Pipilotti Rist to intervene with her art. The idea of using ceilings as an image field was a theme that Nouvel had already addressed in the project of the The Hotel in Lucerne. Finally, I would mention a project closer to me, that is the ceiling of the Rai building in Viale Mazzini in Rome, designed by my father in 1965, with the countertop in metal slabs by the artist Gino Marotta.

Manassei Penthouse, Terni, Italy, Carlo Berarducci Architecture <br />Image copyright: @FG+SG Fernando Guerra
Manassei Penthouse, Terni, Italy, Carlo Berarducci Architecture
Image copyright: @FG+SG Fernando Guerra
Manassei Penthouse, Terni, Italy, Carlo Berarducci Architecture <br />Image copyright: @FG+SG Fernando Guerra
Manassei Penthouse, Terni, Italy, Carlo Berarducci Architecture
Image copyright: @FG+SG Fernando Guerra

You affirm to apply the same creative approach to interior design, furniture components, urban planning and small objects. Could you explain this approach to us?

In a recent interview Daniel Libeskind said “I am the same person when I design a city or when I design an object, when I design a building or a lamp”. William Morris, more than a century earlier, said “The field of architecture encompasses everything except pure desert”. Then, the motto of the Bauhaus was “from the sofa cushions to the construction of the city”. Thus, architecture encompasses a field that goes from the infinitely small to the infinitely large, from the object to the urban dimension. If the person who designs them is the same, the formal research and the criteria he follows are the same.

Citing a personal fact, one of the first chair prototypes I designed had a suspended bridge structure. The seat was designed as a leather bag suspended from an iron structure that supported it. At the same time, I was working on a project for the Copenhagen Concert Hall, which in fact was conceived in the same way. The building had to cross the street with a bridge structure and the conference rooms were like bags hanging from this bridge structure, with a side section very similar to that of the chair. Another project that comes to mind is the Regensburg Congress Center, a project I conceived when I was working on a prototype carbon fiber chaise-longue. As in the chaise-longue, whose design was that of a single self-supporting shell where seat, back and legs were a unique piece, likewise in the design of the Regensburg Congress Center covering, facade and overhanging terraces followed a similar formalization.

Which artists in particular inspire you? In what projects can we find these inspirations?

The references closest to me belong to minimalist art, from the minimal geometric structures of Donald Judd to the monumental structures of Richard Serra, with his large curved iron slabs. For example, in a villa I designed in San Gemini (Terni, Italy) the facade consists of a flat iron slab about four meters high and forty meters long, without any opening, suspended over the empty space of the living room and over the valley behind it. Here, the reference to Richard Serra is evident.

In other projects the reference to contemporary art passes through the device of quotation. For instance, the rooms of the Ibis Style Hotel in Rome are designed as living pools decorated with celestial tiles. The reference is to the installation The Swimming Pool by the Argentinian artist Leandro Erlich in the 21st Museum of Contemporary Art of Kanazawa, in Japan. Finally, I would mention the project of the Manassei Palace Penthouse, in Terni, built inside a building of the sixteenth century. In the palaces of this historical period there was often the Hall of Geographical Maps, which I was inspired by for the design of a dining table in the shape of Italy. Another reference was “the reversed Italy” by Luciano Fabro.

Ibis Styles Roma Aurelia, Rome, Italy, Carlo Berarducci Architecture <br />Image copyright: @Carlo Berarducci Architecture
Ibis Styles Roma Aurelia, Rome, Italy, Carlo Berarducci Architecture
Image copyright: @Carlo Berarducci Architecture

How important is it to support customers when choosing artworks for the interiors of their homes?

It is crucial in every possible case. When the customer already has a collection, the set-up is part of the interior design or renovation project itself. Therefore, it is as important as the suggestion of pieces of furniture that, in my case, always belong to the history of modern and contemporary design. Otherwise, it is necessary to guide the customers in choosing the artists and, whenever possible, it is interesting to select young artists to become part of the general project.

I normally start from designing the space, which is what interests me the most. Then comes the creation of a dialogue between the pieces of art, which can be three-dimensional sculptures or two-dimensional paintings, architecture and furniture. What we must aim for is a relationship of juxtaposition and measure. I am reminded of the aseptic and minimal designs of the German architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who used to insert the figures of classical and figurative statues within his spaces, which would otherwise be completely abstract. These spaces acquired measure and dimension right through the works of art, and the result was the masterpiece we know.

Carlo Berarducci <br/> Founder of Carlo Berarducci Architecture
Carlo Berarducci
Founder of Carlo Berarducci Architecture
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